可及性服务

The best quality documentation is provided by a licensed or otherwise properly credentialed professional who has undergone appropriate and comprehensive training, 有相关经验, 并且与被评估的个体没有私人关系. A good match between the credentials of the individual making the diagnosis and the condition being reported is expected (e.g., an orthopedic limitation might be documented by a physician, but not a licensed psychologist).

Quality documentation includes a clear diagnostic statement that describes how the condition was diagnosed, 提供有关功能影响的信息, 并详细说明病情的典型进展或预后. While diagnostic codes from the Diagnostic Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM) or the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) of the World Health Organization are helpful in providing this information, 完整的临床描述也将传达必要的信息.

质量文档包括诊断标准的描述, 评价方法, 程序, 测试和管理日期, 以及临床叙述, 观察, 以及具体的结果. 在适合残疾性质的情况下, having both summary data and specific test scores (with the norming population identified) within the report is recommended. Diagnostic methods that are congruent with the particular disability and current professional practices in the field are recommended. 方法可能包括正式的文书, 医学考试, 结构化面试协议, 业绩观察和非结构化面试. 它源于非正式的, 报告了非标准化或不太常见的评估方法, an explanation of their role and significance in the diagnostic process will strengthen their value in providing useful information.

Information on how the disabling condition(s) currently impacts the individual provides useful information for both establishing a disability and identifying possible accommodations. 一种结合结果的正式评价程序, 临床的叙述, and the individual’s self report is the most comprehensive approach to fully documenting impact. The best quality documentation is thorough enough to demonstrate whether and how a major life activity is substantially limited by providing a clear sense of the severity, 情况的发生频率和普遍性. While relatively recent documentation is recommended in most circumstances, common sense and discretion in accepting older documentation of conditions that are permanent or non-varying is recommended. 同样的, changing conditions and/or changes in how the condition impacts the individual brought on by growth and development may warrant more frequent updates in order to provide an accurate picture. It is important to remember that documentation is not time-bound; the need for recent documentation depends on the facts and circumstances of the individual’s condition.

It is helpful when documentation provides information on expected changes in the functional impact of the disability over time and context. Information on the cyclical or episodic nature of the disability and known or suspected environmental triggers to episodes provides opportunities to anticipate and plan for varying functional impacts. 如果病情不稳定, information on interventions (including the individual’s own strategies) for exacerbations and recommended timelines for re-evaluation are most helpful.

The most comprehensive documentation will include a description of both current and past medications, 辅助艾滋病, 辅助设备, 支持服务, 和住宿, including their effectiveness in ameliorating functional impacts of the disability. A discussion of any significant side effects from current medications or 服务 that may impact physical, 知觉, behavioral or cognitive performance is helpful when included in the report. While accommodations provided in another setting are not binding on the current institution, 它们可能为当前的决策提供洞察力.

Recommendations from professionals with a history of working with the individual provide valuable information for review and the planning process. It is most helpful when recommended accommodations and strategies are logically related to functional limitations; if connections are not obvious, a clear explanation of their relationship can be useful in decision-making. While the post-secondary institution has no obligation to provide or adopt recommendations made by outside entities, 那些与程序一致的, 服务, 大学或项目提供的福利可能是合适的. When recommendations go beyond equitable and inclusive 服务 and benefits, they may still be useful in suggesting alternative accommodations and/or 服务.